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Delving to a staggering depth of 8,336 meters above the seabed, a young snailfish has made history as the deepest fish ever captured by scientists exploring the abyss of the northern Pacific Ocean.
University of Western Australia and Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology researchers recently unveiled footage of the remarkable snailfish, filmed by sea robots deep in trenches off Japan last September.
In addition to capturing the deepest snailfish on film, the team caught two other specimens at 8,022 meters, setting a new record. Previously, the deepest snailfish ever observed was at 7,703 meters in 2008, and no fish had ever been collected below 8,000 meters.
Marine biologist Alan Jamieson, the expedition leader from Minderoo-UWA Deep Sea Research Centre, noted the significance of the find, emphasizing the descending depth of this particular fish species in the ocean.
Through a 10-year study on the deepest fish populations globally, scientists are documenting life in the trenches off Japan. Though most snailfish dwell in shallow waters, some species endure extreme depths, showcasing their remarkable survival abilities.
During the comprehensive survey, three autonomous sea robots equipped with high-resolution cameras were deployed into the Japan, Izu-Ogasawara, and Ryukyu trenches at various depths to capture footage.
The footage from the Izu-Ogasawara trench captured the deepest snailfish serenely coexisting with other crustaceans on the seabed. Here, Jamieson identified the fish as a juvenile, explaining that younger deep-sea snailfish prefer to stay deep to avoid larger predators found in shallower waters.
A separate clip revealed a community of fish and crustaceans at 7,500 to 8,200 meters in the same trench, feeding on bait attached to an undersea robot.
The images of the two captured snailfish, known as Pseudoliparis belyaevi, offer a rare insight into the unique characteristics that enable these deep-sea creatures to thrive in extreme conditions. Their minimalistic features such as tiny eyes, translucent bodies, and lack of a swim bladder, which aids buoyancy, are essential for their survival.
Jamieson mentioned that the Pacific Ocean’s warm southern current promotes vibrant marine life activity, attracting sea creatures to deeper regions. Additionally, the ocean’s rich biodiversity offers ample food sources for bottom-dwelling creatures.
Delving even deeper into the mysteries of creatures living at extreme depths presents a challenge due to the high costs involved. Each lander required for this research costs around $200,000 to build and operate, limiting the scope of scientific exploration.
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